Nearly half of South Africa’s oil refining capacity remains idle, reflecting a sharp decline over the past five years due to a combination of plant accidents and chronic underinvestment. This has forced the country to rely on imports for more than 60% of its fuel needs, according to state-owned logistics firm Transnet SOC Ltd. In the first quarter of 2025 alone, South Africa imported 4.2 million tons of refined petroleum products, with annual imports projected
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